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The studies on the history of phraseology usually examine idioms that either expired or have survived until nowadays. We rarely hear about changes of meaning of idioms. Phraseological units, as stable combinations of words, are more resistant to change of meaning than individual lexemes. In the article the authoress investigates the idioms that underwent different kinds of semantic transformations...
Both variants of didactics of Polish language (as a native and as a foreign language) have common linguistic basis. They are united by educational frame and both are aiming at learning and development of linguistic and communicational skills. In their mutual relation we find similarities and differences in such areas as content of program, teaching methods, textbooks, professional qualifications of...
The subject of the present publication is the German-Polish Dictionary written by Jan Ernesti. In the description of the Dictionary, the following points are analyzed: technical data (e.g. information about the format of the dictionary, the number of pages and columns etc.) - the macrostructure (in this section the reader will find a presentation of the form and order of the entries, and information...
The article focuses on the problem of phrases which copy or replace gestures people make during face-to-face communication. It is a question usually raised by socio- and pragmalinguistic. The text is based on Helena Pawlikowska's letters to her husband Mieczyslaw sent during the second half of the 19th century. The author characterises Pawlikowska's language as well her epistolographic culture but...
Polish nouns ANTAGONISTA and AGONISTA, when used in medical and pharmacological terminology (meaning chemical substances), show that Polish grammatical gender 'M1' (masculin-personal) gradually loses its natural/biological meaning. According to the normative approach, nominative and accusative plural of the nouns in question should be: 'antagonisty' and 'agonisty'. But, on the other hand, these forms...
The author of the article points out the imperfections of the application of the nest method in the current description of compound words and proposes a coherent system of model constructing by placing the symbol in brackets on the left side of the symbol that indicates the direct basis of a compound word in a nest. What is more, he uses the terms of real model and simplified model in order to show...
The article describes derivative technique which is not yet fully recognized - a prefixal interchangeable derivation. The material comes from 'Slownik gniazd slowotwórczych wspólczesnego jezyka ogolnopolskiego' (Dictionary of derivational nests of contemporary Polish language). The author presents numerical data concerning this technique in contemporary Polish. The most important semantic relations...
The text aims at showing the relation between contemporary description of syntax in theoretical linguistics and at school. The author indicates the need of modernisation of school model by using achievements of classical (also structuralistic) and the newest (cognitive) linguistics. He recalls different models of syntax description. Some of their solutions might be used at school, but the last one...
The phrase 'logico-computational philosophy' was coined by Witold Marciszewski to deal with problems which could be characterised as a modern Renaissance observed in the domain of science since the emergence of cybernetics and computer science. This renaissance was made possible by the use of universal programming languages in different areas of science. The authoress claims that thanks to the Polish...
The paper deals with names of an electronic device called technically USB Flash Disk, that are used in everyday Polish. Borrowings, calques, translated forms of various types and original Polish terms are under analysis. The linguistic data were collected by polling first grade students of Polish Philology. Then the words from the list were queried in the Internet, to verify if they are not in use...
The article describes heterogeneous appositional phrases as attributive possessive expression in the Old Polish, e.g. 'posel pana Szczepanow' (when adjectival modifier accommodates to the constituent member of a compound noun phrase and subordinate noun stands in genitive). The authoress, on the basis of the Great Poland's oaths of the 14th and 15th centuries, shows different types of such syntactic...
The article presents the description of imperative forms of verbs in the parenthetical usage. It proposes the research hypothesis, that the parenthetical forms of verbs are a regular transformation of the appropriate non-parenthetical strings. It demonstrates, that analyzed expressions meet the definition of parenthesis and require the cooccurred string, but they do not determined its form.
The adverbs 'z kretesem' (utterly) and 'na amen' (for good) refer in different ways to the concept of the boundary. The unit 'z kretesem' comments on actions, not the later states. It expresses a subjective opinion of the speaker who estimates the result of the action as a loss. For 'na amen' however, it is primary to comment on states, not on actions. Because it is impossible to know or even only...
In the paper the authoress discusses conditions necessary for the Menzerath-Altmann law to hold. The research was conducted on Polish and English syntax and a suitable comparison between texts under the research has been made. In the opening of the article, the statistical language law is presented and the technique of its research has been outlined. They are followed by all necessary assumptions...
The Voice Onset Time (VOT) introduced by Lisker and Abramson (1964) is defined as the single production dimension, the time interval between the release of a stop occlusion and the onset of vocal cord vibration. Languages generally fall into two of the three broad categories that show little cross-linguistic variation: voicing lead, short lag, and long lag. English and Polish exploit the VOT continuum...
The article deals with the syntactic and semantics features of one of the basic verbs of sensual perception in contemporary Polish. The verb of auditory perception 'uslyszec' is represented here by the lexical unit '(ktos) uslyszal (cos)' and confronted with the unit '(ktos) slyszy (cos)'. It is sometimes stated, that verbs 'slyszec' and 'uslyszec' are to make aspectual pair. It is proved here as...
The article consists of four parts. In the first, the authoress presents these theses of cognitive linguistics that she finds especially important for lexical contrastive studies. The second part presents selected procedures used during modelling of the picture of the world in a given language. They are as follows: a reconstruction of a structure of conceptual field, a construction of a cognitive...
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